Which motor learning strategy is demonstrated in a scenario where a therapist instructs a horse leader to stop at cues and the rider must stay upright in anticipation?

• A. Feedback
• B. Feedforward
• C. Reactive
• D. Intrinsic Feedback

Answer: (B)

Feedforward motor learning is demonstrated when a rider uses cues from the therapist to anticipate what will happen and prepare the body before the movement occurs. In this scenario, the therapist guides the horse leader to stop on cue, and the rider must stay upright in anticipation, meaning the body is pre-activated to maintain balance as the movement unfolds. This anticipatory control relies on planning and prior knowledge of the task, not on information received after the movement or on sensory feedback during the action. It differs from feedback, which would require adjusting after the stop based on what was perceived, and from intrinsic feedback, which comes from the rider’s own sensory experience during the action.